
Puppy Toddlers (3 - 6 Weeks)
During the Toddler period, the doodle puppies emerge on their own from
the litter. They venture into the surrounding environment. This
emergence from the litter is a gradual and continual learning
experience. During this stage of development puppies learn basic
behavioral patterns specific to dogs. While playing, they practice
different body postures, learning what the postures mean and how they
affect their mother and littermates. They learn what it is like to bite
and be bitten, what barking and other vocalizations mean and how to make
and use them to establish social relationships with other dogs. Such
learning and activity tempers their own biting and vocalizing. From the
age of five weeks, the mother teaches her puppies basic manners. They
learn to be submissive to her leadership and what behaviors are
acceptable. If necessary, she growls, snarls, or snaps at them as a form
of discipline. When weaning the litter, for instance, the mother will
discipline her puppies so that they will leave her alone. Because the
mother disciplines them in a way that they clearly understand, after a
few repetitions, the puppies will respond to a mere glare from her. If a
pup has not learned to accept leadership (and discipline) in its early
interactions with dogs, its training will be more difficult. Puppies
that are removed from the nest too early tend to be nervous, more prone
to barking and biting, and less responsive to discipline. Often they are
aggressive with other dogs. Generally speaking, a puppy taken away from
it's mother and litter mates before seven weeks of age, may not realize
its full potential as a dog and companion. To maximize the mental and
psychological development of puppies, they must remain in the nest with
their mother and littermates until seven weeks of age.

Socialization Period (7 - 12 Weeks)
It is at this age that rapid learning occurs. At seven weeks, puppies
can learn and what they learn will have a lasting impact. Everything he
comes in contact with will make a lasting impression upon him as it
never will again. Not only will he learn, but, he will learn whether he
is taught or not. Though he has a short attention span, what things he
learns are learned permanently and resistant to change. Therefore,
owners need to be careful about what their puppies are learning at this
time. Your puppy is very anxious to learn how you want him to behave and
react, and he needs to be shown what is expected of him in his new role
as your pet. There are rules you will expect your puppy to obey.
Establish those rules
NOW
while behaviors are easy to establish. For instance, how your pet
interacts with you are determined during puppy-hood. What he does now is
what he will likely do later. So, don't allow your puppy to do things,
which will be unacceptable when he becomes a dog.
During this time, you and your
puppy will also begin to know and understand each other. You will get to
know about your puppy's particular temperament and personality - whether
he is strong-willed or eager to please, gentle or rambunctious, shy or
outgoing, and just what else makes him the endearing individual that he
is. For the puppy, this is both an exciting and somewhat confusing time.
There is a whole new world of things to learn about and all sorts of new
experiences to digest. Remember that the environments you put your puppy
in are more complex than those he would encounter naturally. Puppies
must now learn a new set of rules. He needs to know learn how to
interact with humans and other animals who live with them. Puppies must
adapt to the patterns and tenor of their new homes. All of these
experiences and the behaviors, which accompany them, must be learned.
Because you will impose such important demands on your puppy, you must
help him to make the transition into the human environment. You need to
lay groundwork for a trusting, happy mutually satisfying relationship.
Keep in mind that puppies are less likely to broaden their experiences
if they are insecure.
In natural environments, puppies
approach new things cautiously. By giving your puppy brief, repeated
experiences in new situations, you give him a chance to become familiar.
If you don't expose your puppy to a variety of situations and new
environments, inappropriate ways to adapt may be learned.
During the Socialization period,
there is a fear imprint period from 8 - 11 weeks. During this time, any
traumatic, painful or frightening experiences will have a more lasting
impact on your pup than they would if they occurred at any other time.
An unpleasant trip to the veterinarian, for instance, at this time could
forever make your dog apprehensive about vets. To avoid this, take some
treats and a toy with you. While you wait, play with your puppy and
offer him treats. Have your vet give your puppy treats along with lots
of praise and petting before and after the examination. Remember, dogs
are social animals.
To become acceptable companions,
they need to interact with you, your family, and other people and dogs
during the Socialization Period. Dogs that are denied socialization
during this critical period often become unpredictable because they are
fearful or aggressive. It is during this time, that your dog needs to
have positive experiences with people and dogs. Therefore, you need to
socialize and teach your puppy how to interact with people and other
dogs in a positive, non-punitive manner.
You should gradually introduce
your puppy to new things, environments, and people. But, care must be
taken in socializing your puppy with other dogs or in areas where many
"unknown" dogs frequent, prior to the time that your dog has had three
of its booster vaccinations against contagious diseases. Shopping
centers, parks, and playgrounds are good places to expose him. Begin by
taking your puppy when there are few distracters. Give him time to get
used to new places. Make sure he is secure. If you have children that
visit only occasionally, have your puppy meet children as often as you
can. If you live alone, make an effort to have friends visit you,
especially members of the opposite sex so that your dog will become
accustomed to them. If you plan to travel with your dog, get him
accustomed to riding in the car. Take him for brief rides, at first. Go
someplace fun. Remember, if new experiences are overwhelming or
negative, the results could be traumatic.

Seniority Classification Period (12-16 Weeks)
It is during this critical period that your dog will begin to test you
to see who the pack leader is going to be. He'll begin to bite you, in
play or as a real challenge to your authority. Such behavior is natural
in the pack and not necessarily undesirable. What is undesirable is an
inappropriate response on your part. It is important, at this stage,
that you establish your position as pack leader, and not just another
sibling. Other behaviors, such as grabbing at the leash, will be
observed, and all are attempts to dominate you. Biting, in particular
though, should always be discouraged. Therefore, you should not wrestle
or play tug of war. Such play is aggressive-inducing. Your dog as a
situation in which he has been allowed to dominate may perceive what you
see as a fun game. Wrestling, of course, communicates to your puppy that
he is allowed to bite you. Tug of war sets you up in a dominance
confrontation over an object. He learns that he can keep objects away
from you. During tug of war games, puppies will often growl. Growling is
a dominance vocalization, designed to warn another pack member that they
better not confront the growler or he will bite. Puppies see these games
as situations in which they have been allowed to dominate. They do not
understand that these are games designed by humans to entertain them.
You can continue to play with your dog during this period, but, the
relationship between you during the play must change. No mouthing of
your body should be allowed and when your dog does mouth, you should
respond with a quick and sharp "NO!" or "No Bite!" Play that does not
get rough is best. If you cannot keep the dog from getting overly
excited during a game and he persists in biting at you, don't play that
way. This will only stimulate additional dominant behavior in the
future. For these reasons, this is the stage when serious training
should begin. Training establishes your pack leadership in a manner that
your puppy will understand. By training your puppy, you will learn how
to get him to respond to commands designed to show that you are in
charge.

Flight Instinct Period (4 - 8 Months)
This is the age when puppies become more independent of their owners and
are likely to venture off on their own. Puppies that have always come
when called or stayed close to their owners will now ignore them, often
running in the opposite direction. This period can last from several
weeks to months. How you handle your puppy's refusal to come or stay
with you will determine whether or not he will be trustworthy off leash.
It is important to emphasize here that no puppy this young should ever
be off leash except in a confinement area. Therefore, keep your puppy on
leash when this period arises and keep him on leash until he readily
returns to you or shows no inclination to leave you. The privilege of
being off leash outside of a confined area, is reserved for dogs whose
owners have trained them to the point where there is no potential for
them to run and fail to obey to stop or come on command. Releasing an
unleashed dog in an unconfined area that is not well trained off leash
is irresponsible ownership and dangerous to your dog. Even well trained
dogs can make mistakes or become distracted by something in the
environment so that they do not respond to their owners' commands. So,
how do you respond when your puppy suddenly develops the urge to bolt?
First, you must, for his safety, put a leash or a long line on your dog
whenever you are not in a confined area. Second, work hard on training
your puppy to come on command. Use the recall game and the spontaneous
recall. When walking your dog, suddenly run backwards and encourage your
puppy to come. Even if the your puppy appears less inclined to bolt,
this does not mean that he is reliable off lead without more maturity
and a lot more training.

Adolescence Period (7 - 10 months)
Adolescence is a very difficult time for pet owners. They are surprised
when their cute little puppy becomes a free and independent thinker.
Adolescence is certainly a good time to start (or restart) rigorous
training. You must work hard NOW to mold the dog of your dreams. You
will need to learn about dog behavior and training techniques. This
knowledge will help you to get through your dog's adolescence. A dog
that you view as too stupid, too old or stubborn or too spiteful can
become a well mannered, enjoyable, and reliable companion. Establish
yourself as the leader of the pack. Be realistic about your
expectations. You cannot expect young dogs to grow up overnight. Learn
to appreciate your dog's adolescence for it is a truly wonderful time.
At this time of their lives, dogs are very energetic and exuberant in
their responses. They can be full of beans, but still, delightful
playmates. You as the owner must learn to channel that energy and
exuberance into learning, working, exercising, and playing games. It is
not too late to train (or retrain) your dog to help him to become a
long-lasting companion.

Second Fear Imprint Period (6 - 14 Months)
The Second Fear Imprint Period is similar to the one that occurred
during the socialization period, but, it is much less defined. It occurs
as dogs enter adolescence and seems more common in males. It is often
referred to as adolescent shyness. Your dog may suddenly become
reluctant to approach something new or suddenly become afraid of
something familiar. This behavior can be very frustrating to the owner
and difficult to understand because its onset is so sudden and,
seemingly, unprovoked. If you notice this behavior, it is important to
avoid the two extremes in response: Don't force him to do or approach
something frightening to him and don't coddle or baby him. To get
through situations that make your dog fearful, be patient, kind, and
understanding. Desensitize him to the object or situation by gradually
introducing him to it and using food rewards and praise to entice him to
confront the fearful object or situation. Do not coddle or reassure him
in any way that will encourage his fearful behavior. Do not correct him
either. Simply make light of it and encourage him give him food rewards
as he begins to deal with his fear better. Make sure you lavishly praise
his attempts! This phase will pass.

Mature Adulthood (1 - 4 Years)
During this period your dog may again become aggressive and assertive.
For instance, he may become more turf-protective, by barking when
someone comes to the door. Temper his protective behaviors by teaching
him how to accept strangers into your home. His friendly play with other
dogs may escalate to fighting with other dogs. Teach you dog to ignore
other dogs that he sees if he can't be friendly towards them. Take him
to places where there will be a few dogs at first and train him there.
Then, train him in areas with more and more dogs. Next, allow him to
interact with non-threatening dogs. Puppies and bitches are good
choices, if he is a male. Always praise his positive efforts to interact
or if he displays no reaction. Gradually move onto male dogs. At bit of
caution here, adult members of the same sex, no matter what animals’
species, tend to compete with one another. Putting together two strange
adults of the same sex could result in a fight. Watch for behavioral
signs of playfulness before allowing two dogs to play together. Also, be
alert to the posturing of aggressive behaviors. Watch for circling
behaviors, walking on toes, stiff tail wags, and tense facial
expressions. Adulthood is also a time that your dog may again test your
position as pack leader. If he does, handle him firmly, suspend any
rough play that may be giving him the idea that he can dominate you, and
continue with training. Additional classes or private help with training
may be a wise investment. It can provide you with the structure and
commitment to train him that you need at this time. Proceed with
training in a matter-of-fact, no nonsense manner and your dog will
become a reasonably obedient dog. Give him lots of positive attention
for his efforts!
Many thanks
to Beth at
http://www.IDOG.Biz
and Blue at
http://goldendoodles.com for some of the information on this
page.